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In mathematics, an integral equation is an equation in which an unknown function appears under an integral sign. There is a close connection between differential and integral equations, and some problems may be formulated either way. See, for example, Maxwell's equations. ==Overview== The most basic type of integral equation is called a ''Fredholm equation of the first type'': : The notation follows Arfken. Here is an unknown function, is a known function, and ''K'' is another known function of two variables, often called the kernel function. Note that the limits of integration are constant; this is what characterizes a Fredholm equation. If the unknown function occurs both inside and outside of the integral, it is known as a ''Fredholm equation of the second type'': : The parameter is an unknown factor, which plays the same role as the eigenvalue in linear algebra. If one limit of integration is variable, it is called a Volterra equation. The following are called ''Volterra equations of the first and second types'', respectively: : : In all of the above, if the known function is identically zero, it is called a ''homogeneous integral equation''. If is nonzero, it is called an ''inhomogeneous integral equation''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「integral equation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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